A Budget is the expectations of Sales, Costs & Expenses and Profit for a future fiscal period (month, quarter, year).
This is definitely a What do you mean by that? term. Many people use it to mean ‘the amount of money they are allowed to spend’, meaning only ‘their’ costs/expenses portion of the actual budget.
A Target is a specific objective or goal that a business, or organization aims to achieve: sales revenue, a level of customer service, market share.
A Budget is a detailed plan outlining expected income and expenditure over a set period, often as a means of achieving a specific target.